Abstract:In recent years, industrial metrology has become a hot term in China's metrology field, but practitioners’ understanding only stays in the surface of the concept, the essence of industrial metrology appeals to the lack of profound understanding and cognition, resulting in the development of industrial metrology work to bring blindness and randomness, thus affecting the promotion of industrial metrology work. This paper compares and analyzes industrial metrology and traditional metrology , and discusses how the metrology technical institutions face the opportunities and challenges brought by industrial metrology.